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Animalia

Kingdom

Characteristics

  • Multi-cellular organisms

  • Most are heterotrophics (depend on other organisms for food)

  • No rigid cell wall

  • Are mostly motile (move independently)

  • 9-10 million animals, only identified 800,000 

  • Organ systems

  • Cell structure (organelles)

  • Respiration

Phyla

  •  

Porifera (sponges)

  • multi-cellular

  • Pores/holes to feed themselves, no mouths

  • Live in water (mostly salt, but some in fresh)

  • Sexual and asexual reproduction

  • exoskeleton

Cnidaria (coral, jellyfish, sea anemones)

  • radially symmetrical

  • Aquatic

  • cnidocytes: cells that capture prey 

  • mouths surrounded by tentacles

  • jelly-like bodies

Playthelminthes (flatworm)

  • Unsegmented, bilaterian bodies

  • No backbone

  • Soft bodies

  • No internal body cavities

  • Many are parasitic 

  • Asexual and sexual reproduction

  • Live in moist areas

Nematode (roundworms)

  • tubular digestive systems: opening at both ends

  • Live in wide range of habitats

  • Many are parasitic

  • size varies: microscopic-more than 1m

  • sexual and asexual reproduction

  • Slender bodies

  • Use cuticle to move

Mollusca (slugs, snails, octopus)

  • Aquatic, terrestrial

  • No backbone

  • Very diverse: habitat, behavior

  • Mantle for breathing and excretion

  • Radula

  • Structure of nervous system

  • Same organ: multiple functions

  • May have shell made out of chitin

     

Annelida (segmented worms)

  • No backbone

  • Live in ocean, fresh water, or moist terrestrial areas

  • Long bodies

  • Segmented (ring like)

  • Inter-independent segments (separate organs but shared cirulatory, nervous system and gut)

  • Cuticles

Arthropoda ( insects, arachnids, myriapods, and crustaceans)

  • No backbone

  • Exoskeleten

  • Segmented bodies

  • Jointed appendages

  • Cuticle made of a chitin and/or calcium carbonate

  • Some are hemaphroditic

  • Mostly sexual reproduciton, some asexual but not very common

Exchinodermata (starfish, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumber)

  • Marine animals

  • Radial symmetry

  • Mesodermal skeleton

  • Sponge like structure

  • Unique water vascular system

  • Simple radial nervous system

Chordata ()

  • Posses notochord

  • Hollow dorsal nerve cord

  • Pharyngeal slits

  • Endostyle

  • Bilaterally symmetric

  • Segmentation

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